Berishaj Shelby Twp (009 parcel) with appendices.pdf
Berishaj Investments LLC, Petitioner Vs. Township Of Shelby, Respondent · 25-003200-TT
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25-0087 61762218.1 STATE OF MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF LICENSING & REGULATORY AFFAIRS MICHIGAN TAX TRIBUNAL Berishaj Investments, LLC, Petitioner, v Shelby Township, Respondent. MTT Docket No. Parcel No. 23-07-24-427-009 Jackie J. Cook (P68781) Honigman LLP Attorneys for Petitioner 39400 Woodward Avenue, Suite 101 Bloomfield Hills, MI 48304 (248) 566-8474 jcook@honigman.com Tax Year 2025 Petition Petitioner, Berishaj Investments, LLC, by and through its attorneys, Honigman LLP, for its Petition against Respondent, Shelby Township, states as follows: Parties and Subject Property 1. Petitioner is a Michigan limited liability company with a principal office located at 2600 W. Big Beaver Rd., Troy, MI 48084-3342. 2. Petitioner owns and/or leases real property, assessed under tax parcel no. 23-07-24- 427-009, located at 15048 Commercial Dr., Shelby Township, Michigan (the “subject property”). 3. Petitioner is identified as the taxpayer on the assessment roll for the subject property.
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2 61762218.1 4. Petitioner is a party in interest with respect to the taxable status and property tax assessment of the subject property under MCL 205.735a(6). 5. Respondent, Shelby Township (the “Township”), is a township located in Macomb County, Michigan. 6. For tax year 2025, the subject property was classified “Industrial Improved.” 7. The subject property was designed and is presently used for agricultural purposes. 8. In particular, the subject property is occupied for growing cannabis plants. 9. Like other agricultural operations, the activities involved in growing the plants include planting, pruning, spraying, irrigating, and harvesting. 10. The subject property is used for agricultural purposes by supporting the daily monitoring and care of the plants as they develop through their life cycle. 11. The subject property is devoted primarily to agricultural use. 2025 Assessment Protest to the Board of Review and Jurisdiction 12. Petitioner timely submitted a Claim for Farmland (Qualified Agricultural) Exemption from Some School Operating Taxes, Form 2599 (“QAE application”) to the assessor. App. 1 to Appendix A. 13. The assessor denied the QAE application. App. 2 to Appendix A. 14. Petitioner timely protested the assessor’s QAE application denial to the July Board of Review. Appendix A. 15. The July Board of Review denied Petitioner’s protest. Appendix B. 16. Petitioner hereby appeals the July Board of Review’s QAE application denial and requests that this Tax Tribunal grant the subject property the Qualified Agricultural Exemption. 17. The Tax Tribunal has jurisdiction of this Petition.
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3 61762218.1 Count I – The subject property qualifies for the Qualified Agricultural Exemption under MCL 211.7ee 18. Petitioner realleges and incorporates by reference the allegations made above and below as though restated herein. 19. This count involves issues relating to: (a) uniformity and (b) exemption. 20. For tax year 2025, the Township determined the following taxable value and assessed value for the subject property, which will result in a state equalized value in the same amount based on the tentative equalization factor: Parcel No. Assessed Value Taxable Value 23-07-24-427-009 $1,339,500 $1,057,496 21. The subject property qualifies for the Qualified Agricultural Exemption under MCL 211.7ee because it is devoted primarily to agricultural use. 22. MCL 211.7ee, provides: (1) Qualified agricultural property is exempt from the tax levied by a local school district for school operating purposes […] * * * (6) An owner of property that is qualified agricultural property on May 1 for which an exemption was not on the tax roll may file an appeal with the July or December board of review in the year the exemption was claimed or the immediately succeeding year. An owner of property that is qualified agricultural property on May 1 for which an exemption was denied by the assessor in the year the affidavit was filed, may file an appeal with the July board of review for summer taxes or, if there is not a summer levy of school operating taxes, with the December board of review. 23. “Qualified agricultural property” is defined in MCL 211.7dd(d) as “unoccupied property and related buildings located on property devoted primarily to agricultural use as defined in section 36101 [MCL 324.36101] of the natural resources and environmental protection act.”
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4 61762218.1 24. “Agricultural use” is defined in MCL 324.36101(b) as “the production of plants and animals useful to humans including […] Christmas trees, and other similar uses and activities”: "Agricultural use" means “the production of plants and animals useful to humans, including forages and sod crops; grains, feed crops, and field crops; dairy and dairy products; poultry and poultry products; livestock, including breeding and grazing of cattle, swine, captive cervidae, and similar animals; berries; herbs; flowers; seeds; grasses; nursery stock; fruits; vegetables; maple syrup production; Christmas trees; and other similar uses and activities…” MCL 211.7dd(d) and MCL 324.36101(b). 25. The definition includes all plants useful to humans without exclusion. 26. The subject property is used for growing and harvesting cannabis plants; more specifically, marihuana plants – plants with seeds of the genus Cannabis. MCL 333.27953(h). 27. Michigan has declared cannabis useful to humans in the Michigan Medical Marihuana Act, Initiated Law 1 of 2008, at MCL 333.26422(a): The people of the State of Michigan find and declare that … [m]odern medical research, including as found by the National Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Medicine in a March 1999 report, has discovered beneficial uses for marihuana in treating or alleviating the pain, nausea, and other symptoms associated with a variety of debilitating medical conditions. 28. The Michigan Legislature has codified that cannabis is useful to humans as a treatment of the following debilitating medical conditions: (1) Cancer, glaucoma, positive status for human immunodeficiency virus, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, hepatitis C, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Crohn's disease, agitation of Alzheimer's disease, nail patella, or the treatment of these conditions. (2) A chronic or debilitating disease or medical condition or its treatment that produces 1 or more of the following: cachexia or wasting syndrome; severe and chronic pain; severe nausea; seizures, including but not limited to those characteristic of epilepsy; or severe and persistent muscle spasms, including but not limited to those characteristic of multiple sclerosis. (3) Any other medical condition or its treatment approved by the marijuana regulatory agency, as provided for in section 6(k). [MCL 333.26423(b)] 29. Plants “of the genus Cannabis” are useful to humans. MCL 333.27953(h), MCL
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5 61762218.1 333.26422(a)Error! Bookmark not defined., and MCL 333.26423(b). 30. Accordingly, a farming operation growing cannabis plants is engaged in an “agricultural use.” MCL 211.7dd(d), MCL 211.7ee, and MCL 324.36101(b). 31. Significantly, the State of Michigan has determined personal property used in this type of operation is exempt from sales and use tax under a similar agricultural exemption. MCL 205.54a(1)(e); MCL 205.94(1)(f); Revenue Administrative Bulletin (“RAB”) 2023-9 (Approved: 7/19/23). The exemption applies to the “sale of tangible personal property to a person engaged in a business enterprise that uses [said property], directly or indirectly, for either the tilling, planting, caring for, . . . or harvesting of things of the soil or the . . . caring for . . . horticultural products . . . .” MCL 205.54a(1)(e). In addition, it is the position of the Michigan Department of Treasury that “the growing of marijuana generally qualifies for the agricultural production exemption” under MCL 205.54a and MCL 205.93. RAB 2023-09. 32. The Township’s attempt to tax the subject property in 2025 when the subject property qualifies for the Qualified Agricultural Exemption is invalid, unlawful, and operates as a fraud on Petitioner, as the assessment is based on an erroneous determination of the subject property’s taxable status under Michigan law. WHEREFORE, Petitioner respectfully requests that the Tax Tribunal find and determine that: (1) Tax parcel no. 23-07-24-427-009 qualifies for the Qualified Agricultural Exemption; (2) Tax parcel no. 23-07-24-427-009 is exempt from the tax levied by a local school district for school operating purposes per MCL 211.7ee(1); and
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6 61762218.1 (3) Petitioner is entitled to an award of costs, including attorneys’ fees, and such other and further relief as the Tax Tribunal determines is permitted by law and as Petitioner is justly entitled. Count II – Denying Petitioner’s QAE application under MCL 211.7ee for the subject property is unconstitutional 33. Petitioner realleges and incorporates by reference the allegations made above and below as though restated herein. 34. This count involves issues relating to: (i) uniformity and (ii) exemption. 35. The Township’s attempt to tax the subject property in 2025 when the subject property qualifies for the Qualified Agricultural Exemption is invalid, unlawful, and operates as a fraud on Petitioner, as the assessment and the mode of assessment adopted by the Township discriminate against Petitioner and deny Petitioner its constitutional rights to uniformity, equal protection, and due process of law. 36. Denying Petitioner’s QAE application under MCL 211.7ee(1) while granting the exemption to other taxpayers who use their property in the same manner Petitioner uses the subject property is unconstitutional as it denies Petitioner equal protection guaranteed by the United States Constitution and Michigan’s Constitution. 37. Denying Petitioner’s QAE application under MCL 211.7ee(1) while granting the exemption to other taxpayers whose property is substantially similar – if not identical – to Petitioner’ subject property is unconstitutional as it denies Petitioner equal protection guaranteed by the United States Constitution and Michigan’s Constitution. 38. Denying Petitioner’s QAE application under MCL 211.7ee(1) otherwise violates the United States Constitution and Michigan’s Constitution.
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7 61762218.1 39. Denying Petitioner’s QAE application under MCL 211.7ee(1) is unsupported by substantial or reliable evidence, and is arbitrary, capricious, and otherwise contrary to law. WHEREFORE, Petitioner respectfully requests that the Tax Tribunal find and determine that: (1) Tax parcel no. 23-07-24-427-009 qualifies for the Qualified Agricultural Exemption; (2) Tax parcel no. 23-07-24-427-009 is exempt from the tax levied by a local school district for school operating purposes per MCL 211.7ee(1); and (3) Petitioner is entitled to an award of costs, including attorneys’ fees, and such other and further relief as the Tax Tribunal determines is permitted by law and as Petitioner is justly entitled. Respectfully submitted, HONIGMAN LLP Attorneys for Petitioner By Jackie J. Cook (P68781) 39400 Woodward Avenue, Suite 101 Bloomfield Hills, MI 48304 (248) 566-8474 Dated: August 21, 2025 jcook@honigman.com
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61762218.1 Appendix A
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Jackie J. Cook Office: 248.566.8474 jcook@honigman.com Honigman LLP • 39400 Woodward Avenue • Suite 101 • Bloomfield Hills, Michigan • 48304-5151 61152490.3 July 17, 2025 Via Federal Express and Email to mschmidt@shelbytwp.org Shelby Township – Assessing Department Shelby Township Board of Review Matthew Schmidt, Assessor c/o Assessor, Matthew Schmidt 52700 Van Dyke Avenue 52700 Van Dyke Avenue Shelby Township, MI 48316-3572 Shelby Township, MI 48316-3572 Re: July Board of Review Protest Qualified Agricultural Exemption Claim Real parcel no. 23-07-24-427-009, at 15048 Commercial Dr.. (the “property”) Dear Mr. Schmidt and Members of the Shelby Township Board of Review: Berishaj Investments, LLC (“the taxpayer”) hereby protests the assessor’s denial of the taxpayer’s qualified agricultural exemption claim. On May 1, 2025, the taxpayer filed a “Claim for Farmland (Qualified Agricultural) Exemption from Some School Operating Taxes” (“QAE claim”) for the property. See App. 1. On July 3, 2025, the assessor denied the taxpayer’s QAE claim. See App. 2. The Michigan Tax Tribunal has held a cannabis grow operation, like the taxpayer’s property, qualifies for the QAE as it is primarily devoted to agricultural use under MCL 211.7ee, MCL 211.7dd(d), and MCL 324.36101(b). See IIP-MI 4 LLC and LivWell Michigan LLC v City of Warren, MTT Docket No. 24-000081, Final Opinion issued October 8, 2024, attached as App. 3. This Board should also grant the QAE claim as the taxpayer’s property is devoted primarily to agricultural use. A letter of authorization from the owner/taxpayer is attached as App. 4. I. The property is devoted primarily to agricultural use. Berishaj Investments LLC operates a cannabis grow operation at 15048 Commercial Drive, in Shelby Township. The predominant use of the building is for growing plants from seed to plant to flowering and to otherwise support the growing of the plants as they develop. See floor plan of the building within the attached App. 1. As depicted on the floor plan, the building is used solely for growing and processing plants. The property is accordingly devoted primarily to agricultural use.
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July 17, 2025, Page 2 Honigman LLP • 39400 Woodward Avenue • Suite 101 • Bloomfield Hills, Michigan • 48304-5151 61152490.3 II. Growing cannabis plants is an “agricultural use” under the qualified agricultural exemption under MCL 211.7ee, MCL 211.7dd(d), and MCL 324.36101(b). A. Overview of the QAE. Commercial farming is encouraged in Michigan, in part, through the legislation of certain property tax exemptions. The exemption at issue here is called the qualified agricultural exemption (“QAE”), exempting qualifying property from 18 mills of school operating tax. MCL 211.7ee(1). Property classified “agricultural” qualifies. MCL 211.7ee(2). Property classified other than agricultural still qualifies for the QAE if the property is “devoted primarily to agricultural use,” meaning “50% of the parcel’s acreage is devoted to agricultural use.” MCL 211.7dd(d). “Agricultural use,” as defined in MCL 324.36101 includes “the production of plants… useful to humans”: "Agricultural use" means “the production of plants and animals useful to humans, including forages and sod crops; grains, feed crops, and field crops; dairy and dairy products; poultry and poultry products; livestock, including breeding and grazing of cattle, swine, captive cervidae, and similar animals; berries; herbs; flowers; seeds; grasses; nursery stock; fruits; vegetables; maple syrup production; Christmas trees; and other similar uses and activities…” MCL 211.7dd(d) and MCL 324.36101(b). Notably, the Legislature did not identify a single type of plant or crop, other than Christmas trees, as “plants and animals useful to humans.” The Legislature instead choose to broadly describe types of plants, and in the event the broad language was not broad enough, the Legislature added all-encompassing language – “and other similar uses and activities” – to make sure “agricultural use” was not read too narrowly. Notably, the Legislature also did not name a single plant or crop as excluded from the definition. The definition includes all plants useful to humans without exclusion. B. Plants useful to humans are produced at the property. The property at issue is used for growing and harvesting cannabis plants. This is uncontroverted. More specifically, marihuana plants – plants with seeds of the genus Cannabis – are grown there. MCL 333.27953(h). Like all other farmers in Michigan in the business of growing plants, the taxpayer grows plants with a business purpose of selling the agricultural by-products to businesses involved in the production of cannabis products or to businesses involved in selling the products at retail. Michigan has declared cannabis useful to humans in the Michigan Medical Marihuana Act, Initiated Law 1 of 2008, at MCL 333.26422(a):
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July 17, 2025, Page 3 Honigman LLP • 39400 Woodward Avenue • Suite 101 • Bloomfield Hills, Michigan • 48304-5151 61152490.3 The people of the State of Michigan find and declare that … [m]odern medical research, including as found by the National Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Medicine in a March 1999 report, has discovered beneficial uses for marihuana in treating or alleviating the pain, nausea, and other symptoms associated with a variety of debilitating medical conditions. The Michigan Legislature has codified that cannabis is useful to humans as a treatment of the following debilitating medical conditions: (1) Cancer, glaucoma, positive status for human immunodeficiency virus, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, hepatitis C, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Crohn's disease, agitation of Alzheimer's disease, nail patella, or the treatment of these conditions. (2) A chronic or debilitating disease or medical condition or its treatment that produces 1 or more of the following: cachexia or wasting syndrome; severe and chronic pain; severe nausea; seizures, including but not limited to those characteristic of epilepsy; or severe and persistent muscle spasms, including but not limited to those characteristic of multiple sclerosis. (3) Any other medical condition or its treatment approved by the marijuana regulatory agency, as provided for in section 6(k). [MCL 333.26423(b)] Plants “of the genus Cannabis” are useful to humans. MCL 333.27953(h), MCL 333.26422(a), and MCL 333.26423(b). Accordingly, a farming operation growing cannabis plants is engaged in an “agricultural use.” MCL 211.7dd(d), MCL 211.7ee, and MCL 324.36101(b). C. Cannabis grow operations are otherwise treated as “agricultural” in Michigan. The Michigan Department of Treasury has otherwise treated grow operations as “agricultural”. The Department’s official position in Revenue Administrative Bulletin 2023-9 is that equipment used for growing cannabis is exempt from sales and use tax under the agricultural production exemption in MCL 205.54a(1)(e) and MCL 205.94(1)(f), exempting:
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July 17, 2025, Page 4 Honigman LLP • 39400 Woodward Avenue • Suite 101 • Bloomfield Hills, Michigan • 48304-5151 61152490.3 [P]roperty sold to a person engaged in a business enterprise that uses or consumes the property, directly or indirectly, for either the tilling, planting, draining, caring for, maintaining, or harvesting of things of the soil or the breeding, raising, or caring for livestock, poultry, or horticultural products, including the transfers of livestock, poultry, or horticultural products for further growth. Cannabis growers’ equipment is exempt from sales and use tax as “agricultural production” property: “the growing of marijuana generally qualifies for the agricultural production exemption.” III. Conclusion. Berishaj Investments LLC respectfully requests that the July Board of Review grant the QAE claim. A Board of Review Petition form is attached as App. 5. Thank you for your time and consideration. Very truly yours, Jackie J. Cook HONIGMAN LLP cc: Zeff Berishaj (Enclosures)
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61152490.3 Appendix 1
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Michigan Department of Treasury 2599 (Rev. 05-11) Reset Form Issued under P.A. 237 of 1994, as amended. Filing is required if you wish to receive an exemption. Claim for Farmland (Qualified Agricultural) Exemption from Some School Operating Taxes Do you need to file this claim? If you answer "YES" to either of these questions, you do NOT need to file this form. * |s the property vacant and classified by the assessor as agricultural? (Note: Vacant property classified as agricultural is automatically exempt from some school taxes and the changes will be made on your next tax bill.) * Have you already filed the Principal Residence Exemption Affidavit (Form 2368) for this property? If you answered "NO" to both of these questions and the property is used primarily for agricultural purposes but is not classified as agricultural, complete this form and file it with your local township or city by May 1. If your property has a residence or other buildings on it, your assessor may ask you to complete this form, even though it is classified agricultural. Section 1. File a separate claim for each qualified parcel. Name of Owner (first, middle, last) Berishaj Investments LLC Name of Co-Owner (first, middle, last) Street Address of Property Claimed 15048 Commercial Dr. City and State ZIP Code Check one: Shelby Township, Ml 48315 Name of Township/City Where Property is Located County of Property Township UJ City Shelby Macomb any extra spaces blank. Use a full space for any hyphens (-) in the number. Enter the property tax identification number of the qualified property you are claiming. This number is on your tax bill or your assessment notice. Start at the left and leave Section 2: Farmland. for a different. residence?.... percentage in Section 3. ‘| d. Does this property include any buildings not involved in the agricultural operation? a. If this property is not classified as agricultural, is more than 50% of the acreage devoted to an agricultural use? c. If the property includes a residence, has the occupant filed a Fticpal Residence Exemption Affidavit (Form 2368) (Skip this question if your property is classified @griCURUIAL) .........ccccvwiiii . Yes X No b. Does this property include any residences occupied by a person who is not involved in the agricultural operation?............... Yes J No Xx Yes OJ No x - Yes Ol No X If you answered yes’ to items 2b, 2c or 2d, part of your property does not qualify. You must enter a Section 3: Multi-Purpose Property. If you answered 'yes' to item 2b, 2c or 2d, give the percentage of the property value that is devoted to agricultural use. Exclude from this percentage the value of any property that does not qualify (see instructions on back). This information is necessary for your township or city to adjust your property taxes properly. (See back for computation.) ...............cowiiiescinins 100 Certification: This affidavit is invalid unless it is signed. 1 certify, under penalty of perjury, that I own (or co-own) the property claimed on this affidavit, that it is qualifed agricultural property, and that all information is true to the best of my knowledge. Owner's Signature Date + 9 04-29-2025 Co - owner's Signéture Date F 420-25 Daytime Phone Number E-mail Address zeffconcrete @comcast.net
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Berishaj Investments LLC Parcel No. 23-07-24-427-009 15048 Commercial Dr., Shelby Township, MI 2025 Qualified Agricultural Exemption Application 100% of the square feet of the parcel acreage, including the building, parking, and improvements, is dedicated to and used for growing plants, an agricultural use.
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61152490.3 Appendix 2
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Assessing Department 52700 Van Dyke Avenue Shelby Township, MI 48316-3572 Phone (586) 731-5910 Fax (586) 254-3713 assessing@shelbytwp.org www.shelbytwp.org “Chartered 1° July 3,2025 Berishaj Investments LLC 5232 22 Mile Rd Shelby Twp, MI 48317 Parcel Number: 23-07-24-427-009 Property Address: 15048 Commercial Dr Property Class: 301 (Industrial Improved) Dear Shelby Township Property Owner: The Shelby Township Assessing Department received the Qualified Agricultural Exemption from Some School Operating Taxes claim for the property referenced above on May 1, 2025. This claim has been denied for 2025 because the Township Assessor has been unable, after repeated attempts to contact the property owner as well as through their legal representatives, to establish if there is an “agricultural use” taking place at this location as required by statute. You may appeal this denial in writing only to the 2025 July Board of Review which will take place on Tuesday July 22, 2025. If you have any questions about these issues, please contact me directly at mschmidt@shelb Jorg or at (586) 803-2000. Thank you. Sincerely, ats = Matthew Schmidt Township Assessor
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Assessing Department Township Hall ~:~ Lower Level 52700 Van Dyke Ave. Shelby Township, MI 48316 METROPLEX MI 480 "fens $0.69° 3 JUL 2025 PM 10 LThor ass 028W0002312048 2000451049 ZIP 48304 Jackie J. Cook, Esq. Honigman LLP 39400 Woodward Avenue, Suite 101 Bloomfield Hills, MI 48304
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61152490.3 Appendix 3
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STATE OF MICHIGAN GRETCHEN WHITMER GOVERNOR DEPARTMENT OF LICENSING AND REGULATORY AFFAIRS LANSING MARLON I. BROWN, DPA DIRECTOR MICHIGAN TAX TRIBUNAL · 611 W. OTTAWA ST., LANSING, MI 48933 · 517-335-9760 PO BOX 30232, LANSING, MI 48909 · Other Carriers: 2407 N. GRAND RIVER AVE., LANSING, MI 48906 IIP-MI 4 LLC and LivWell Michigan LLC, MICHIGAN TAX TRIBUNAL Petitioner, SMALL CLAIMS DIVISION v MTT Docket No. 24-000081 City of Warren, Case Type: Qualified Agricultural Respondent. Exemption PROPOSED OPINION AND JUDGMENT Personnel Presiding: Brett Wallace, Administrative Law Judge Location of Hearing: Telephonic Hearing Held on: July 9, 2024 Appearances on Behalf of Petitioner: James Kane, Jimmy Kane Appearances on Behalf of Respondent: Kelsea Melcher PROPOSED JUDGMENT Parcel No. 12-13-35-301-011 is entitled to a Qualified Agricultural Exemption (QAE) under MCL 211.7ee. As a result, the property has a QAE of 80% for the 2023 tax year. PROCEDURAL HISTORY Respondent’s assessor denied Petitioner’s exemption application on May 12, 2023. Respondent upheld the QAE assessor denial at its 2023 December Board of Review (BOR). Petitioner filed a Petition with the Tribunal on January 15, 2024, and Respondent filed an Answer on February 20, 2024. ISSUES AND APPLICABLE LAW The issue in this matter is whether the subject property is qualified to receive a QAE under MCL 211.7ee. MCL 211.7ee provides as follows: (1) Qualified agricultural property is exempt from the tax levied by a local school district for school operating purposes to the extent provided under
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MTT Docket No. 24-000081 Page 2 of 15 section 1211 of the revised school code, 1976 PA 451, MCL 380.1211, according to the provisions of this section. (2) Qualified agricultural property that is classified as agricultural under section 34c is exempt under subsection (1) and the owner is not required to file an affidavit claiming an exemption with the local tax collecting unit unless requested by the assessor to determine whether the property includes structures that are not exempt under this section. To claim an exemption under subsection (1) for qualified agricultural property that is not classified as agricultural under section 34c, the owner shall file an affidavit claiming the exemption with the local tax collecting unit by May 1. . . . (4) . . . [U]pon receipt of an affidavit filed under subsection (2) for property not classified as agricultural, the assessor shall determine if the property is qualified agricultural property and if so shall exempt the property from the collection of the tax as provided in subsection (1) until December 31 of the year in which the property is no longer qualified agricultural property as defined in section 7dd. . . . (6) An owner of property that is qualified agricultural property on May 1 for which an exemption was not on the tax roll may file an appeal with the July or December board of review in the year the exemption was claimed or the immediately succeeding year. An owner of property that is qualified agricultural property on May 1 for which an exemption was denied by the assessor in the year the affidavit was filed, may file an appeal with the July board of review for summer taxes or, if there is not a summer levy of school operating taxes, with the December board of review. (7) If the assessor of the local tax collecting unit believes that the property for which an exemption has been granted is not qualified agricultural property, the assessor may deny or modify an existing exemption by notifying the owner in writing at the time required for providing a notice under section 24c. A taxpayer may appeal the assessor's determination to the board of review meeting under section 30. A decision of the board of review may be appealed to the residential and small claims division of the Michigan tax tribunal. Qualified agricultural property is defined as [U]noccupied property and related buildings classified as agricultural, or other unoccupied property and related buildings located on that property devoted primarily to agricultural use as defined in section 36101 of the natural resources and environmental protection act, 1994 PA 451, MCL 324.36101. Related buildings include a residence occupied by a person employed in or actively involved in the agricultural use and who has not
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MTT Docket No. 24-000081 Page 3 of 15 claimed a principal residence exemption on other property. Property used for commercial storage, commercial processing, commercial distribution, commercial marketing, or commercial shipping operations or other commercial or industrial purposes is not qualified agricultural property. A parcel of property is devoted primarily to agricultural use only if more than 50% of the parcel's acreage is devoted to agricultural use. An owner shall not receive an exemption for that portion of the total state equalized valuation of the property that is used for a commercial or industrial purpose or that is a residence that is not a related building.1 MCL 324.36101(b) defines “agricultural use” as follows: the production of plants and animals useful to humans, including forages and sod crops; grains, feed crops, and field crops; dairy and dairy products; poultry and poultry products; livestock, including breeding and grazing of cattle, swine, captive cervidae, and similar animals; berries; herbs; flowers; seeds; grasses; nursery stock; fruits; vegetables; maple syrup production; Christmas trees; and other similar uses and activities. Agricultural use includes use in a federal acreage set-aside program or a federal conservation reserve program. Agricultural use does not include the management and harvesting of a woodlot. SUMMARY OF EVIDENCE A. Petitioner’s Evidence Petitioner offered the following exhibits: 1. Evidence, filed on January 15, 2024: a. 2023 December BOR Change Notice 2. Evidence, filed on June 18, 2024: a. Letter to Assessor b. Petitioner’s exemption affidavit and certification of mailing c. Assessor denial letter d. Letter to BOR e. BOR petition, attached brief, and exhibits, including previously submitted evidence f. MCL 211.7ee g. MCL 211.7dd h. MCL 324.36101 i. Receipt of mailing to December BOR j. Facility licenses k. Previously submitted evidence l. Receipt of mailing m. Licenses 1 MCL 211.7dd(d).
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MTT Docket No. 24-000081 Page 4 of 15 3. Evidence, filed on July 2, 2024: a. Subject photos 4. Rebuttal evidence., filed on July 7, 2024: a. Subject photos and map No exhibits were excluded from evidence. There was no objection to Petitioner’s untimely evidence. Based on the pleadings and admitted exhibits, Petitioner contends that the subject is approximately 200,000 square feet. It was recently rehabilitated to convert two old industrial buildings into a single, larger building designed to grow plants throughout the year. Petitioner is licensed by Respondent as a Growing Establishment and has been granted numerous Class C Growing Licenses by the State of Michigan. Petitioner contends that the subject qualifies for the qualified agricultural exemption. The affidavit was filed on April 29, 2023, and it was denied on May 12, 2023. The December BOR denied the request on December 12, 2023. Petitioner contends that the subject meets the required definitions of “agricultural use” under MCL 324.36101(b) and of “qualified agricultural property” under MCL 211.7dd(d). Based on sworn testimony, Petitioner contends that, with respect to the jurisdictional issue, this filing began with the assessor denial. The denial indicated that the taxpayer had the right to appeal to the July or December BOR, and the taxpayer relied on those appeal rights. With respect to MCL 211.7ee(6), the first sentence indicates that if an applicant did not receive the exemption, the appeal may be filed with the July or December BOR in the year the exemption is claimed or the succeeding year. Petitioner claimed the exemption on May 1, 2023 and then went to the July or December BOR as stated in statute. The second sentence limits the appeal due to certain school taxes, and that takes off the December BOR option for the preceding year. Petitioner believes the Tribunal has jurisdiction. The BOR notice was issued December 12, 2023, and the appeal was filed with the Tribunal on January 15, 2024, within 34 days of the appeal. With respect to the exemption, Petitioner contends that MCL 211.7ee(1) permits the qualified agricultural exemption to be given to a property classified as agricultural or to a property devoted primarily to agricultural use. An affidavit claiming the property as qualified agricultural property must be filed. Petitioner relied on the definition under MCL 211.7dd(d), stating qualified agricultural property is unoccupied property and related buildings devoted primarily to agricultural use under MCL 324.36101. That subsection states that agricultural use is defined as the production of plants and animals useful to humans. The definition specifically excludes the harvesting of woodlots, which Petitioner contends is evidence that the Legislature chose not to exclude cannabis. Respondent pointed out that there is an exclusion for commercial activity, but Petitioner contends that notably absent is commercial production. If someone tries to claim
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MTT Docket No. 24-000081 Page 5 of 15 qualified agricultural exemption, they are denied because it is not commercial activity, such as raising horses on a farm. Petitioner submitted exhibits in support of their position. They include licenses from the State and City for the commercial growing operation. Petitioner is licensed to grow cannabis for both medical and adult use. Everything used to grow and package is in the facility. There is 300,000 square feet of land containing 200,000 square feet of improvements, as well as a parking lot and landscaping. The entire property is devoted to growing cannabis. Petitioner refers to Bates page 000177, which is a map of the business. It includes the square footage of every room. Rooms 37, 38, and 39 are flower rooms. Rooms 10 and 9 are vegetation rooms. Room 7 is the mother room. Plants in the mother room are kept in summer conditions and do not flower. Stems are taken from those plants and taken to room 8 to create clones, which controls the quality of the product. The clones from room 8 are moved to one of three vegetation rooms, which are rooms 9, 10, and 11. The flowers are in all rooms to the left of rooms 7 and 11, which are rooms 12 through 20 and 21 through 24. Those rooms are 100% dedicated to growing plants. Left of 21 are the water and fertilization rooms. These are used to feed nutrients to the plants. Each plant has a barcode and is tracked for regulatory purposes. Rooms 49 and 50 are the trim rooms. Once harvested, plants are brought to the low-humidity state. Plants are cut to hang and dry in rooms 40 through 46 and 47 & 48. The trim room is where the flowers are removed from stems, leaves are removed, and the product is prepared for packaging. The remaining rooms have no plants. They are used to get the product into packaging and then warehoused prior to being shipped out. Nothing here occurs for a third party. There are only plants in the room. There are no retail operations at the subject property. It is solely devoted to plant production. The tiny rooms above rooms 40 to 46 are for waste product, where extraction occurs. Petitioner contends there are a number of court cases on agricultural classification stating that cannabis is a plant and for agricultural use. Further, Petitioner contends that, under Small Claims rules, the subsequent year should be added to this appeal. On rebuttal, Petitioner contends that the subject photos do reflect the condition of the property as of December 31, 2022. Petitioner’s representative stated he toured the facility in 2023 and that they were reflective of its state at that time. The facility can have six crops in a year, as opposed to one crop using land outside. With respect to Small Claims, Petitioner contends that the Tribunal required the appeal to be filed in Small Claims, and there was no option to file this claim in the Entire Tribunal. Respondent should have raised that issue prior to hearing. Further, when Respondent did not object to Petitioner’s jurisdiction at the BOR, that issue was waived. Petitioner’s appeal to the December 2023 BOR was timely submitted, the BOR accepted jurisdiction but denied the exemption on the basis of the law. Jurisdiction should have been raised then.
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MTT Docket No. 24-000081 Page 6 of 15 To summarize, Petitioner contends that the Tribunal has jurisdiction because the BOR accepted the appeal, but even if not, the Tribunal has jurisdiction from equitable estoppel due to the notice, and even still if not, the issue was waived. B. Respondent’s Evidence: Respondent offered the following exhibits: 1. Evidence, filed on June 18, 2024: a. Brief in support b. Subject photos c. Grower’s licenses d. Michigan Medical Marihuana Act excerpts No exhibits were excluded from evidence. Based on the pleadings and admitted exhibits, Respondent contends that the Tribunal lacks jurisdiction over this case under MCL 205.735a because Petitioner did not appeal the assessor denial to the July BOR as required by MLC 211.7ee(6). Respondent contends that the December BOR lacked authority to hear Petitioner’s case because Respondent levied school operating tax with its summer tax levy in 2023. Based on sworn testimony, Respondent contends that the Tribunal lacks jurisdiction because the assessor denial was appealed to the December BOR under MCL 211.7ee(6) but was required to be appealed to the July BOR because Respondent levies a school operating tax in the summer. Further, this appeal is in the Small Claims division, but the subject is classified industrial under MCL 211.34c and should not be permitted in the Small Claims division. Respondent contends that the subject is not agricultural but instead is a commercial production facility. The pictures from June 28, 2024 are not relevant as of tax day. Further, the subject is occupied. It is used as a growing facility. Growing marijuana is not an agricultural activity under Michigan statute. By statute, 50% of the acreage must be used for agricultural purposes. Respondent is unsure how much acreage the subject has, but it cannot be argued that it is unoccupied. On rebuttal, Respondent contends that the Tribunal cannot waive or invoke jurisdiction not granted by statute and relies on Proquest v Ypsilanti Township.2 FINDINGS OF FACT The following facts were proven by a preponderance of the evidence: 2 ProQuest LLC v Ypsilanti Twp, unpublished per curiam opinion of the Michigan Court of Appeals, issued November 30, 2023 (Docket No 362977).
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MTT Docket No. 24-000081 Page 7 of 15 1. The subject property is located at 21590 Hoover Rd., City of Warren, Macomb County. 2. The subject property is classified as industrial. 3. Petitioner owns the subject property. 4. Petitioner uses the subject property for cultivating and packaging both medical and adult-use marijuana. 5. Petitioner is licensed by the State of Michigan and by Respondent to grow marijuana. 6. The property did not have a QAE for prior tax years. 7. Petitioner filed the exemption application for the tax year 2023 with Respondent’s assessor on or about April 29, 2023. 8. The assessor issued a decision denying the exemption claim on May 12, 2023. 9. The assessor denial decision indicates that a “taxpayer who timely and properly filed Form 2599 may appeal an assessor’s denial of the Qualified Agricultural Property Exemption for the 2023 assessment year to the July or December Board of Review under MCL 211.7ee.” 10. Petitioner appealed the assessor denial to Respondent’s 2023 December BOR. 11. The December BOR denied the exemption claim on a denial form dated December 22, 2022.3 12. The December BOR exemption denial indicates that the decision may be appealed to the Tribunal within 35 days of the date of the decision. 13. Petitioner appealed to the Tribunal on January 15, 2024, or 24 days after the date of the denial. 14. Respondent levied a school operating tax on its 2023 summer tax levy. 15. More than 50% of the subject property was devoted to agricultural use for the tax year at issue. 16. The building is related to the agricultural purpose of the property. CONCLUSIONS OF LAW The following authority and reasoned opinion supports the Tribunal’s determination: The issue of the exemption qualification is preceded by the issue of jurisdiction, and the issue of jurisdiction is preceded by whether this determination is made in the correct division of the Michigan Tax Tribunal. At hearing, Respondent raised the issue that this hearing should be held in the Entire Tribunal division because the subject property is classified industrial. Respondent relied on MCL 205.762, which states in part: The residential property and small claims division . . . has jurisdiction over a proceeding, otherwise cognizable by the tribunal, in which residential property is exclusively involved. Property other than residential property may be included in a proceeding before the residential property and small 3 The date appears to be entered in error, and the greater weight of the record supports a finding that the exemption was denied on December 22, 2023.
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MTT Docket No. 24-000081 Page 8 of 15 claims division if the amount of that property's taxable value or state equalized valuation in dispute is not more than $100,000.00. . ..4 In this case, the TV and SEV in dispute is $0, as the case relates solely to the claim of the qualified agricultural exemption. The subject exemption affects the levied school operating millage of a property and reduces taxes through a millage reduction but does not affect the TV or SEV. Further, the Tax Tribunal Act goes on to state: The residential property and small claims division . . . has exclusive jurisdiction over an appeal of a final determination of a claim for exemption of a principal residence by the department of treasury or of qualified agricultural property under the general property tax act, 1893 PA 206, MCL 211.1 to 211.157, from taxes levied under section 1211 of the revised school code, 1976 PA 451, MCL 380.1211.5 This case is therefore properly pending in the Small Claims division. Next, the issue is whether the Tribunal has jurisdiction over the case. The first question of jurisdiction is whether Petitioner properly invoked the Tribunal’s jurisdiction under statute. The following facts are relevant in the determination of jurisdiction. The subject property did not receive a qualified agricultural exemption in prior tax years. Petitioner’s application was submitted to Respondent’s assessor on or about April 29, 2023. The assessor denied the exemption request on May 12, 2023, and that denial was sent to Petitioner. In 2023, Respondent issued a school operating levy on its summer tax bill. Petitioner appealed the assessor’s denial to Respondent’s 2023 December BOR. While agreeing to the foregoing, the parties disagree as to the resulting proper interpretation of MCL 211.7ee(6), which states: An owner of property that is qualified agricultural property on May 1 for which an exemption was not on the tax roll may file an appeal with the July or December board of review in the year the exemption was claimed or the immediately succeeding year. An owner of property that is qualified agricultural property on May 1 for which an exemption was denied by the assessor in the year the affidavit was filed, may file an appeal with the July board of review for summer taxes or, if there is not a summer levy of school operating taxes, with the December board of review. Petitioner contends that this subsection means that it properly invoked the Tribunal’s jurisdiction under the first section of section 6 and that the second sentence only precludes it from requesting the exemption at the subsequent-year’s (2024) December BOR. The Tribunal disagrees. The second sentence is plainly delineated by the inclusion of the conditions that it applies to claims which were denied by the assessor for the year they were filed and for jurisdictions which levy a school operating tax 4 MCL 205.762(1). 5 MCL 205.762a(1).
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MTT Docket No. 24-000081 Page 9 of 15 millage in the summer. Both facts are undisputed in this case. By statute, Petitioner was required to appeal the assessor denial to the 2023 July BOR and failed to do so. The Tribunal therefore finds that Petitioner failed to properly invoke the Tribunal’s jurisdiction under statute. Petitioner also claims that that the BOR accepted the appeal and that the issue of jurisdiction was waived. This is not a proper argument because it is equitable in nature, and the Tribunal has no equitable power to waive or otherwise disregard a statutory requirement or filing deadline.6 The jurisdiction of the BOR (MCL 211.7ee(6); MCL 211.53b) and of the Tribunal (MCL 205.735a; MCL 205.762a(3)) over this nature of claim are set by statute. Defects in subject-matter jurisdiction cannot be waived and may be raised at any time.7 This portion of Petitioner’s argument is not supported by case law and is denied. Petitioner also contends that the Tribunal should have jurisdiction in this case due to lack of proper notice. The Michigan Court of Appeals recently summarized the issue of notice with respect to tax cases as follows: The United States and Michigan Constitutions guarantee that no person shall be deprived “of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law.” U.S. Const., Am. XIV, section 1; Const 1963, art 1, section 17. “The owner of real property is entitled to the protection of constitutional due process with respect to the assessment and collection of property taxes.” Spranger [v City of Warren], 308 Mich App [477] at 482-483. “An elementary and fundamental requirement of due process in any proceeding which is to be accorded finality is notice reasonably calculated, under all the circumstances, to apprise interested parties of the pendency of the action and afford them an opportunity to present their objections.” Mullane v Central Hanover Bank & Trust Co, 339 US 306, 314; 70 S Ct 652; 94 L Ed 865 (1950). Indeed, “[t]he ‘opportunity to be heard’ includes the right to notice of that opportunity.” Dow v State, 396 Mich 192, 205; 240 NW2d 450 (1976). “The notice must be of such nature as reasonably to convey the required information, and it must afford a reasonable time for those interested to make their appearance.” Mullane, 339 US at 314. Furthermore, “the means employed to notify interested parties must be more than a mere gesture; they must be means that one who actually desires to inform the interested parties might reasonably employ to accomplish actual notice.” Sidun v Wayne Co Treasurer, 481 Mich 503, 509; 751 NW2d 453 (2008), citing Mullane, 339 US at 315.8 6.See Federal-Mogul Corp v Dep’t of Treasury, 161 Mich App 346 (1987), Elec Data Sys Corp v Flint Twp, 253 Mich App 538 (2002), and VanderWerp v Plainfield Twp, 278 Mich App 624 (2008). 7 See Electronic Data Systems Corp v Flint Twp, 253 Mich App 538, 544; 656 NW2d 215, 220 (2002), quoting People v Erwin, 212 Mich App 55, 64 (1995). 8 Winkler v Markey Twp, unpublished per curiam opinion of the Michigan Court of Appeals, issued August 24, 2023 (Docket No 362586) at p 2.
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MTT Docket No. 24-000081 Page 10 of 15 Petitioner contends that, in this case, Respondent’s assessor denial does not constitute effective notice. The notice was timely issued on May 12, 2023, shortly after the exemption claim was submitted, and clearly states that the subject parcel was denied for 2023. However, the Tribunal finds that the notice contains an error with respect to the appeal rights. It states: A taxpayer who timely and properly filed Form 2599 may appeal an assessor’s denial of the Qualified Agricultural Property Exemption for the 2023 assessment year to the July or December Board of Review under MCL 211.7ee. Board of Review denials are appealed to the Michigan Tax Tribunal by filing a petition within 35 days of the Board’s action. As discussed above, this appeal notice information is incorrect. Respondent knew or should have known that it levies a school operating millage in the summer and, therefore, that an assessor denial of a timely application was required to be appealed to the same-year July BOR. At the least, Respondent should have known that there was a condition in the statute with respect to the timing of millage levying that affected a taxpayer’s appeal rights and informed a potential appellant of that requirement. Given the plainly misleading language in the notice’s right of appeal, the Tribunal finds that the notice was not reasonably employed to accomplish actual notice and that Petitioner was deprived of a reasonable conveyance of the required information because notice of the right to appeal was proactively and improperly effectuated. While Respondent contends that the December BOR lacked statutory authority to grant the exemption, and the Tribunal agrees, the taxpayer was nevertheless not afforded appeal information upon which it could properly rely until the issuance of the BOR decision. Even then, Respondent’s BOR again erred in advising Petitioner of its correct appeal rights. By statute, the appeal was to have been filed within 30 days of the BOR decision.9 In this case, the appeal was in fact filed within 30 days of the December BOR review, as well as within 35 days under the catch-all provision of MCL 205.735a(6) given the lack of explicit authority of the December BOR to consider the issue. As a result of the lack of notice as explained above, Petitioner has properly invoked the Tribunal’s jurisdiction in its 2023 tax appeal because it relied on the appeal rights stated in the assessor denial and appealed within 35 days of actual notice of the denial, which the Tribunal construes to be the date of issuance of the December BOR decision. Alternatively, Petitioner appealed within 30 days of the December BOR decision. The final jurisdictional issue to resolve is whether 2024 should be included in this appeal. Petitioner argued at hearing that tax year 2024 should be included in this appeal. Petitioner filed a motion to amend to add the 2024 tax year to this appeal on May 30, 2024. On May 31, 2024, the Tribunal issued a Notice of No Action with respect to that appeal. The motion does not include any reference to MCL 211.7ee, which is the sole issue in dispute in this case. Further, while the motion contends that an appeal was made to Respondent’s 2024 March BOR, the Tribunal finds that the March BOR 9 MCL 205.762a(3).
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MTT Docket No. 24-000081 Page 11 of 15 lacked authority to consider a 2024 QAE, regardless of whether there was a 2024 assessor denial prior to the BOR appeal. There is only one scenario by statute for which the March BOR may acquire jurisdiction over a QAE claim. That scenario involves an assessor denial of an existing exemption under MCL 211.7ee(7), but there was no existing exemption for the assessor to deny in 2024. The hearing in this case was held prior to the July BOR. The exclusion of the 2024 tax year was appropriate. Further, Petitioner did not file a motion for reconsideration following the Notice of No Action within 21 days as required by Tribunal rules.10 The Tribunal finds that 2024 is therefore properly excluded under both statute and the law of the case. Having determined that its jurisdiction is properly pending for this case and in this division, but only for tax year 2023, the Tribunal now turns to the issue at hand. It is undisputed that Petitioner owns the subject property and timely claimed the exemption and that the subject was not classified as agricultural property. The issue is whether the subject property was primarily devoted to agricultural use in 2023. Petitioner’s evidence demonstrates that the subject property is comprised primarily of a building but also features a parking lot and minor exterior features such as landscaping. It is not disputed that Petitioner uses the subject property for the cultivating and packaging of both medical and adult-use marijuana. It is also not disputed that no retail sales occur at the subject property. Petitioner contends that the subject is primarily used for agricultural purposes and relies on the definition of agricultural use under MCL 324.36101(b). Respondent contends that Petitioner does not qualify under the portion of MCL 211.7dd(d) that states: Property used for commercial storage, commercial processing, commercial distribution, commercial marketing, or commercial shipping operations or other commercial or industrial purposes is not qualified agricultural property. A parcel of property is devoted primarily to agricultural use only if more than 50% of the parcel's acreage is devoted to agricultural use. An owner shall not receive an exemption for that portion of the total state equalized valuation of the property that is used for a commercial or industrial purpose or that is a residence that is not a related building. The Tribunal is therefore left to discern to what extent the subject is used for the production of plants and to what extent it is used for commercial processing or other commercial purposes. Petitioner presented unrebutted and detailed testimony, supported by photos, of the subject’s room-by-room use. Petitioner submitted a map of the building and supported the map with photos. The map includes a room-by-room square footage calculation for the subject property and constitutes the best evidence on the record apportioning Petitioner’s use activities by a calculable size determinator. Calculations for common areas such as land, the parking lot, hallways, restrooms, and janitorial space are not included in the calculation as those areas provide benefits to both the agricultural and non-agricultural portion of the property. The Tribunal assigned 10 TTR 257.
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MTT Docket No. 24-000081 Page 12 of 15 the following square footages into the designated apportionments based on testimony and evidence: Location SF in Ag Use SF Not in Ag Use Flower Room (37) 2,308 0 Flower Room 38 2,322 0 Flower Room 39 2,322 0 Vegetation Room 10 4,858 0 Vegetation Room 9 10,303 0 Vestibule in Room 9 0 176 Office 212 0 141 Office 213 0 147 Office 214 0 147 Office 215 0 144 Work Area 210 0 1,272 Conference 221 0 520 Storage 222 0 118 IT Room 223 0 181 Break Room 224 0 191 Office 227 0 156 Office 229 0 128 Huddle 230 0 230 Huddle 231 0 231 Mothers’ Room (7) 3,808 0 Clone Room (8) 484 0 Plant and Vessel Washing 484 0 Media Prep 113 0 792 Mother Block 112 0 161 Transfer Room 111 0 1,026 Vegetation Room 11 8,378 0 Flower Room 12 2,755 0 Flower Room 13 2,719 0 Flower Room 14 2,880 0 Flower Room 15 2,872 0 Flower Room 16 2,880 0 Flower Room 17 2,849 0 Flower Room 18 3,813 0 Flower Room 19 3,808 0 Flower Room 20 3,808 0 Flower Room 21 3,528 0 Flower Room 22 3,528 0 Flower Room 23 3,528 0 Flower Room 24 3,879 0 Phase 0 0 3,100
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MTT Docket No. 24-000081 Page 13 of 15 Water Storage 118 1,362 0 Fertilizer 123 1,273 0 Rockwool 121 0 196 Work 122 0 133 Wash 124 0 601 Cultivation Control Room 125G 0 125 Irrigation Work Room 125 0 146 IPM Mixing 129 0 887 Uniform 130G 0 269 Airlock 131G 0 90 Entrance/Security 157 0 915 Coat Room 158 0 360 Break Room 127G 0 1,486 Air Lock 128G 0 132 Uniform 166 0 144 Air Lock 158G 0 250 Sanitation Room 132G 0 146 Primary Packaging 137G 0 158 Quarantine Hold 138G 0 164 Air Lock 154G 0 23 Dry Room 133G 0 216 Work Area 139G 0 451 Packaging 134G 0 296 M&E Room 140G 0 654 Warehouse Storage 135G 0 347 Air Lock 136G 0 23 Tube Packaging 141G 0 353 Cure 2 (40-46) 2,583 0 Cure Sorting 115G 0 295 Cure 1 (47-48) 841 0 Post Trim (50) 0 1,496 Willow 113G 0 221 Dry Trim 114G 0 297 Quarantine Hold 112G 0 284 Wash Bay 106G 0 309 Freeze Dry 107G 0 543 Joint Grinding 108G 0 201 Joint Roll 110G 0 266 Joint Pack 111G 0 249 GMP Packaging 117G 0 2,040 Secondary Warehouse 120G 0 544 Sally Port Bay 1 0 584
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MTT Docket No. 24-000081 Page 14 of 15 Sally Port Bay 2 0 602 Finished Goods/ Distribution 119G 0 2,207 Air Lock 118G 0 21 Huddle Room 101G 0 113 Product Hold 102G 0 133 Office 103G 0 180 Equipment Drying/Storage 104G 0 416 Flower Room (25) 4,730 0 Flower Room (26) 3,050 0 Flower Room (27) 3,103 0 Flower Room (28) 3,310 0 Flower Room (29) 3,310 0 Flower Room (30) 3,307 0 Flower Room (32) 2,600 0 Flower Room (33) 2,708 0 Flower Room (34) 2,688 0 Flower Room (35) 2,657 0 Flower Room (36) 2,708 0 Trim Room (49) is a non-agricultural room excluded from the calculation. Flower Room (31) is an agricultural room excluded from the calculation. These rooms were excluded from the calculation because the map did not include the square footage for those rooms. Exclusion of these two rooms shall not affect the calculation determination because, while they would rightfully be included, the Tribunal finds that their exclusion shall mostly offset one another and further shall not materially affect the final determination of exemption qualification. The map is not found to be to scale but appropriately demonstrates the size of those two rooms to not be a factor in altering the following calculation. The calculated total square footage is 118,344 for the agricultural rooms and 28,427 for the non-agricultural rooms serving the commercial purpose of the business. The total square footage for calculation purposes is 146,771, of which 80.63% is for agricultural purposes and 19.37% is for non-agricultural purposes. The Tribunal must note that the definition of qualified agricultural exemption requires the percentage apportionment to be based on state equalized value and not square footage. Here, the use of square footage is an appropriate unit of measure to equivocate state equalized value. Neither party submitted any evidence to indicate that different portions of the subject’s gross area support different values. Based on the evidence on the record, the Tribunal finds that the use of square footage adequately reflects the required apportionment under state equalized value. As a result, the property is found to be primarily devoted to agricultural use for the tax year at issue under MCL 211.7dd(d). Petitioner has demonstrated entitlement to the
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MTT Docket No. 24-000081 Page 15 of 15 QAE for tax year 2023 at an 80% rate. The property is disqualified from receiving the exemption at a higher rate because a portion of it is used for a commercial purpose. JUDGMENT This is a proposed decision and not a final decision. As such, no action should be taken based on this decision. After the expiration of the time period for the opposing party to file a response to the exceptions, the Tribunal will review the case file, including the Proposed Opinion and Judgment (POJ) and all exceptions and responses, if any, and: a. Issue a Final Opinion and Judgment (FOJ) adopting the POJ as a Final Decision; b. Issue an FOJ modifying the POJ and adopting the Modified POJ as a Final Decision; or c. Issue an Order vacating the POJ and order a rehearing or such other action as is necessary and appropriate. EXCEPTIONS The parties have 20 days from the below “Date Entered by Tribunal” to notify the Tribunal and the opposing party in writing, by mail or by electronic filing, if they do not agree with the POJ and to state in writing why they do not agree with the POJ (i.e., exceptions). Exceptions are limited to the evidence submitted prior to or at the hearing and any matter addressed in the POJ. There is no fee for filing exceptions. The opposing party has 14 days from the date the exceptions were mailed to that party to file a written response to the exceptions. A copy of a party’s written exceptions or response must be sent by mail or electronic service, if agreed upon by the parties, to the opposing party and proof must be submitted to the Tribunal that the exceptions or response were served on the opposing party. By _________________________________ Date Entered by Tribunal: August 15, 2024 bw/jcr PROOF OF SERVICE I certify that a copy of the foregoing was sent on the entry date indicated above to the parties or their attorneys or authorized representatives, if any, utilizing either the mailing or email addresses on file, as provide by those parties, attorneys, or authorized representatives. By: Tribunal Clerk
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STATE OF MICHIGAN GRETCHEN WHITMER GOVERNOR DEPARTMENT OF LICENSING AND REGULATORY AFFAIRS LANSING MARLON I. BROWN, DPA DIRECTOR MICHIGAN TAX TRIBUNAL · 611 W. OTTAWA ST., LANSING, MI 48933 · 517-335-9760 PO BOX 30232, LANSING, MI 48909 · Other Carriers: 2407 N. GRAND RIVER AVE., LANSING, MI 48906 IIP-MI 4 LLC and LivWell Michigan LLC, MICHIGAN TAX TRIBUNAL Petitioner, SMALL CLAIMS DIVISION v MTT Docket No. 24-000081 City of Warren, Presiding Judge Respondent. Patricia L. Halm FINAL OPINION AND JUDGMENT The Tribunal issued a Proposed Opinion and Judgment (POJ) on August 15, 2024. The POJ states, in pertinent part, “[t]he parties have 20 days from date of entry of this POJ to notify the Tribunal in writing, by mail or by electronic filing, if available, if they do not agree with the POJ and to state in writing why they do not agree with the POJ (i.e., exceptions).” On September 4, 2024, Respondent filed exceptions to the POJ. In the exceptions, Respondent states that the Tribunal has committed an error of law by assuming jurisdiction over this appeal as Petitioner was correctly informed that it had to appeal to the appropriate Board of Review (BOR) under MCL 211.7ee. Respondent has been severely prejudiced in being forced to defend claims the Tribunal has no authority to hear under the General Property Tax Act. If the Tribunal is able to offer Petitioner equitable relief and assume jurisdiction over this appeal, Respondent should at least be afforded notice of the Tribunal’s intent to provide such relief as well as the opportunity to gather and submit additional evidence in defense of such claims. If Petitioner’s appeal is not dismissed, a rehearing should be required, and Respondent should be allowed 90 days to gather evidence relative to Petitioner’s Qualified Agricultural Property Exemption (QAE) claims. Further, the Tribunal did not consider that growing marijuana is not an agricultural use under MCL 324.36101(b), as it is clear that marijuana production is not the type of plant production intended to be encompassed under that statute. It is not qualified agricultural property under MCL 211.dd(d) and not exempt under MCL 211.ee. It is a commercial activity which the legislature took care to specify was not agriculture use but commercial activity, subject to commercial licensing. Respondent issued licensing based on the indication that such activities would provide considerable tax revenue. Respondent states that there is good cause to modify the POJ and dismiss the appeal for lack of jurisdiction, or at least require a rehearing so that Respondent may have the opportunity to gather evidence to defend against claims it had no notice the Tribunal would, or could, assume jurisdiction over. On September 18, 2024, Petitioner filed a response to the exceptions. In the response, Petitioner states that the POJ should be upheld as Respondent failed to identify any mistake of fact, mistake of law, or fraud to be eligible for relief under the exceptions
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MTT Docket No. 24-000081 Page 2 of 5 provisions of the Tribunal. Petitioner states that MCL 211.7ee is not a jurisdictional statute and does not grant or take jurisdiction from the Tribunal. Petitioner states that commercial production is the very essence of farming and/or agricultural operations and is noticeably absent from the list of exceptions in the definition of qualified agricultural property cited by Respondent. Respondent has not identified any provision in a statute, regulation, or case that suggests that growing and harvesting cannabis is not an agricultural use, which shows that the legislature did not intend to exclude the production of cannabis as an agricultural use. Petitioner states that cannabis is a flower, and flowers are listed as one of the many crops included in the definition of agricultural use in MCL 324.36101(b). The Tribunal has considered the exceptions, the response, and the case file and finds that the Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) properly considered the testimony and evidence submitted in the rendering of the POJ. Specifically, the Tribunal finds the POJ provided a very thorough analysis of the issues involved in this appeal. On the jurisdiction issue, while Petitioner was required to appeal to the July BOR under MCL 211.7ee(6), the notice of right of appeal provided to Petitioner was ineffective and misleading as it stated that Petitioner could appeal the assessor’s denial of the QAE for the 2023 tax year to either the July or December BOR. Because the notice also mentioned MCL 211.7ee(6) does not negate the fact that it mislead Petitioner into believing it could appeal to either the July or December BOR. The Tribunal agrees with the POJ that Petitioner’s reliance on incorrect information in the notice invoked the Tribunal’s jurisdiction for the 2023 tax year only as Petitioner timely appealed the decision of the December 2023 BOR. The Tribunal finds this decision is supported by multiple of Court of Appeals cases in which the Tribunal’s dismissal for lack of jurisdiction was reversed and remanded due to Petitioner receiving defective notice of its appeal options.1 In Kemennu v Treasury, the court stated: “The United States Supreme Court recently has held that “due process requires the government to provide ‘notice reasonably calculated, under all the circumstances, to apprise interested parties of the pendency of the action and afford them an opportunity to present their objections.’” 2 Here, Petitioner chose to present its objections to the QAE denial at Respondent’s December BOR based on the information in the denial notice. Respondent’s reliance on ProQuest LLC v Twp of Ypsilanti3 is misplaced, as in that case the petitioner was not relying on a misleading notice of its appeal rights when it missed an application deadline, rather the error was the petitioner’s alone due to lack of correct postage. Regarding Respondent’s argument that the subject property does not meet the definition of agricultural use under MCL 324.36101(b), the statute states that “agricultural use" means the production of plants and animals useful to humans. While 1 See Geldhof Enterprises Inc v Dep’t of Treasury, unpublished opinion per curiam of the Court of Appeals, issued December 10, 2013 (Docket No. 313142); Winkler v Markey Twp, unpublished per curiam opinion of the Michigan Court of Appeals, issued August 24, 2023 (Docket No 362586); and Kemennu v Treasury, unpublished opinion per curiam of the Court of Appeals, issued June 15, 2023 (Docket No. 362037). 2 Kemennu v Treasury. 3 ProQuest LLC v Twp of Ypsilanti, ___ Mich ___; 7NW3d 530 (2024).
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MTT Docket No. 24-000081 Page 3 of 5 the statute does not specifically include marijuana, it also does not specifically exclude marijuana. If marijuana was not the type of plant intended to be included under this definition as Respondent states, then the legislature would have specifically excluded it. Growing of marijuana plants is not specifically excluded in either MCL 211.7dd(d), MCL 211.7ee, or MCL 324.36101(b). The evidence on record supports that plants are grown at the subject property and the Tribunal finds that the licensure for growing marijuana supports its usefulness to humans. Respondent’s argument that the growing of marijuana is a commercial activity could apply to the growing of any type of plants or flowers of which the harvested product is eventually sold, in which case, the only time a QAE would be granted is if the agricultural use is for the owner’s personal consumption. Regarding Respondent’s argument that a rehearing should be scheduled, to allow Respondent time to prepare to address the QAE claim, Respondent has had knowledge of the QAE appeal since the petition was filed in this case on January 15, 2024. The only issue appealed was the denial of the QAE for the subject property. If Respondent thought this case could be dismissed based on the jurisdiction issue, Respondent could have filed a motion to dismiss prior to the hearing but chose not to do so. As such, Respondent’s argument is without merit. Given the above, Respondent failed to show good cause to justify modifying the POJ or granting a rehearing.4 As such, the Tribunal adopts the POJ as the Tribunal’s final decision in this case.5 The Tribunal also incorporates by reference the Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law contained in the POJ in this Final Opinion and Judgment. As a result, Parcel No. 12-13-35-301-011 is entitled to a Qualified Agricultural Exemption under MCL 211.7ee of 80% for the 2023 tax year. IT IS SO ORDERED. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the officer charged with maintaining the assessment rolls for the tax year at issue shall correct or cause the assessment rolls to be corrected to reflect the property’s Qualified Agricultural Exemption for the tax year at issue as provided in this Final Opinion and Judgment within 20 days of entry of this Final Opinion and Judgment. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the officer charged with collecting or refunding the affected taxes shall collect taxes and any applicable interest or issue a refund within 28 days of entry of this Final Opinion and Judgment. If a refund is warranted, it shall include a proportionate share of any property tax administration fees paid and penalty and interest paid on delinquent taxes. The refund shall also separately indicate the amount of the taxes, fees, penalties, and interest being refunded. A sum determined by the Tribunal to have been unlawfully paid shall bear interest from the date of payment to the date of judgment, and the judgment shall bear interest to the date of its payment. A sum determined by the Tribunal to have been underpaid shall not bear interest for any time period prior to 28 days after the issuance of this Final Opinion and Judgment. 4 See MCL 205.762. 5 See MCL 205.726.
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MTT Docket No. 24-000081 Page 4 of 5 Pursuant to MCL 205.737, interest shall accrue (i) after December 31, 2020, through June 30, 2022, at the rate of 4.25%, (ii) after June 30, 2022, through December 31, 2022, at the rate of 4.27%, (iii) after December 31, 2022, through June 30, 2023, at the rate of 5.65%, (iv) after June 30, 2023, through December 31, 2023, at the rate of 8.25%, (v) after December 31, 2023, through June 30, 2024, at the rate of 9.30%, and (vi) after June 30, 2024, through December 31, 2024, at the rate of 9.50%. This Final Opinion and Judgment resolves the last pending claim and closes this case. APPEAL RIGHTS If you disagree with the final decision in this case, you may file a motion for reconsideration with the Tribunal or a claim of appeal with the Michigan Court of Appeals. A motion for reconsideration must be filed with the Tribunal with the required filing fee within 21 days from the date of entry of the final decision. Because the final decision closes the case, the motion cannot be filed through the Tribunal’s web-based e-filing system; it must be filed by mail or personal service. The fee for the filing of such motions is $50.00 in the Entire Tribunal and $25.00 in the Small Claims Division, unless the Small Claims decision relates to the valuation of property and the property had a principal residence exemption of at least 50% at the time the petition was filed or the decision relates to the grant or denial of a poverty or disabled veterans exemption and, if so, there is no filing fee. You are required to serve a copy of the motion on the opposing party by mail or personal service or by email if the opposing party agrees to electronic service, and proof demonstrating that service must be submitted with the motion. Responses to motions for reconsideration are prohibited and there are no oral arguments unless otherwise ordered by the Tribunal. Alternatively, you may file a claim of appeal with the Michigan Court of Appeals. If the claim is filed within 21 days of the entry of the final decision, it is an “appeal of right.” If the claim is filed more than 21 days after the entry of the final decision, it is an “appeal by leave.” A copy of the claim of appeal must be filed with the Tribunal to certify the record on appeal. There is no certification fee. By _____________________________ Entered: October 8, 2024 ssm/kac
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MTT Docket No. 24-000081 Page 5 of 5 PROOF OF SERVICE I certify that a copy of the foregoing was sent on the entry date indicated above to the parties or their attorneys or authorized representatives, if any, utilizing either the mailing or email addresses on file, as provide by those parties, attorneys, or authorized representatives. By: Tribunal Clerk
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61152490.3 Appendix 4
Page 41
April 29, 2025 Re: TAXPAYER LETTER OF AUTHORIZATION To Whom It May Concern: I'am the Managing Member of Berishaj Investments, LLC, which owns the real property in Shelby Township identified as parcel no. 23-07-24-427-010, located at 15090 Commercial Drive, and also owns the real property identified as parcel no. 23-07-24-427-009, located at 15048 Commercial Drive (collectively, the “property™). Please be advised that the current tenant, Shelby V Holdings, LLC has retained the following counsel to represent them in connection with obtaining current and historical assessment information, discussing the current and historical assessments with your office, and securing a protest before the March, July, and/or December Boards of Review, if necessary, to protest valuation, taxable status, and/or classification for the property for tax years 2025 and 2026: Jackie J. Cook Honigman LLP 39400 Woodward Avenue, Suite 101 Bloomfield Hills, MI 48304 (248) 566-8474 jcook@honigman.com 60336795.1
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If you have any questions or need any additional information regarding this letter of authorization, please email me at zeffconcrete@comcast.net. Very truly yours, I CP Zef Berishaj As Managing Member of Berishaj Investments, LLC 60336795.1
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61152490.3 Appendix 5
Page 44
Michigan Department of Treasury 618 (Rev. 11-12) This form is issued under the authority of P.A. 206 of 1893, as amended. Filing is voluntary, however you may not appeal to the Michigan Tax Tribunal or the State Tax Commission unless you first protest to the Board of Review. TO BE COMPLETED BY OWNER OR OWNER'S AGENT Petition to Board of Review The undersigned protests the assessed value and/or the tentative taxable value and/or the property classification and/or the qualified agricultural property exemption of the following described property: Owner's Name (Please Print or Type) Petitioner's Name (If Other than Owner. Please Print or Type) Property Identified (Parcel code required. Property address & legal description optional) Protested Item Assessed Value Tentative Taxable Value Classification 1. PROTEST OF ASSESSMENT Assessed Amount Owner's Estimate of True Cash Value Tentative Taxable Value Year 2. PROTEST OF CLASSIFICATION (Complete this section for a request to change the classification. The Board of Review must make their decision regarding classification in accordance with Section 211.34c of the Michigan Compiled Laws. The Board of Review shall not be influenced by the effect that a particular classification has on that property's status as a homeowner's principal residence or qualified agricultural property.) Classification of property on this year's assessment roll Classification should be (check one of the following): Agricultural Commercial Industrial Residential Timber Cutover Developmental Utility (Personal Property Only) 3. PROTEST OF EXEMPTION FOR QUALIFIED AGRICULTURAL PROPERTY (If the assessor has denied or changed the percentage of the exemption from the 18 mills of local school operating tax for qualified agricultural property, the owner may appeal this action to the March Board of Review. THE BOARD OF REVIEW HAS NO AUTHORITY TO CONSIDER OR ACT UPON THE EXEMPTION FROM THE 18 SCHOOL OPERATING MILLS FOR HOMEOWNER'S PRINCIPAL RESIDENCE PROPERTIES.) Percent qualified agricultural exemption granted by assessor (Enter 0 if exemption denied) Percent qualified agricultural exemption requested by owner (Enter 100 if full exemption requested) 4. REASON FOR PROTEST State reason(s) for protest of assessed value and/or the tentative taxable value and/or classification and/or qualified agricultural property exemption CERTIFICATION (Complete this section for a protest of assessed value and/or tentative taxable value) Signature Date Address Phone Number L-4035 www.michigan.gov/treasury Qualified Agricultural Property Exemption Township or City County Reset Form Berishaj Investments LLC Shelby Township Macomb Parcel No. 23-07-24-427-009, located at 15048 Commercial Drive 0 100 The real property is devoted primarily to agriculatural use, so it qualifies for QAE. See the attached Board of Review protest letter 7/17/2025 39400 Woodward Ave, Suite 101, Bloomfield Hills, MI 48304 (248) 566-8474
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FOR BOARD OF REVIEW USE ONLY INSTRUCTIONS: Incorporate a copy of this form and the assigned number in the Board of Review minutes. Petition Number Parcel Code 1. ASSESSED VALUE Disposition by Board of Review. The Board of Review must state the reason for its action below. Denied Assessed Value Changed From ______________________ to ____________________________ Record of vote - Board or three member committee of board Yes No Yes No Yes No Chairperson: Member: Member: Reason for board action 2. TENTATIVE TAXABLE VALUE Disposition by Board of Review. The Board of Review must state the reason for its action below. Denied Tentative Taxable Value Changed From ___________________ to ________________________ Record of vote - Board or three member committee of board Yes No Yes No Yes No Chairperson: Member: Member: Reason for board action 3. CLASSIFICATION Disposition by Board of Review. The Board of Review must state the reason for its action below. Denied Classification Changed From ______________________ to ____________________________ Record of vote - Board or three member committee of board Yes No Yes No Yes No Chairperson: Member: Member: Reason for board action 4. QUALIFIED AGRICULTURAL PROPERTY EXEMPTION Disposition by Board of Review. The Board of Review must state the reason for its action below. Exemption Request Denied Exemption percent modified from _____________% to _____________% Record of vote - Board or three member committee of board Yes No Yes No Yes No Chairperson: Member: Member: Reason for board action Date of Final adjournment of Board of Review Board of Review Secretary Signature Date 5. ADJOURNMENT Form 618, Page 2 Initials Initials Initials Initials Initials Initials Initials Initials Initials Initials Initials Initials If you disagree with the decision of the Board of Review regarding tentative taxable value, you may appeal that decision by filing a petition with the Michigan Tax Tribunal at P.O. Box 30232, Lansing, MI 48909. Commercial Real, Industrial Real, Developmental Real, Commercial Personal, Industrial Personal and Utility Personal Property may be appealed by May 31. Agricultural Real, Residential Real, Timber-Cutover Real and Agricultural Personal Property may be appealed by July 31. The petition must be filed on a Michigan Tax Tribunal form or a form approved by the Michigan Tax Tribunal. Michigan Tax Tribunal forms are available at www.michigan.gov/taxtrib. If you disagree with the decision of the Board of Review regarding classification, you may appeal by sending Form 2167 to the State Tax Commission at P.O. Box 30471, Lansing, MI 48909 by June 30. If you disagree with the decision of the Board of Review regarding tentative taxable value, you may appeal that decision by filing a petition with the Michigan Tax Tribunal at P.O. Box 30232, Lansing, MI 48909 by July 31. The petition must be filed on a Michigan Tax Tribunal form or a form approved by the Michigan Tax Tribunal. Michigan Tax Tribunal forms are available at www.michigan.gov/taxtrib. If you disagree with the decision of the Board of Review regarding tentative assessed value, you may appeal that decision by filing a petition with the Michigan Tax Tribunal at P.O. Box 30232, Lansing, MI 48909. Commercial Real, Industrial Real, Developmental Real, Commercial Personal, Industrial Personal and Utility Personal Property may be appealed by May 31. Agricultural Real, Residential Real, Timber-Cutover Real and Agricultural Personal Property may be appealed by July 31. The petition must be filed on a Michigan Tax Tribunal form or a form approved by the Michigan Tax Tribunal. Michigan Tax Tribunal forms are available at www.michigan.gov/taxtrib.
Page 46
61762218.1 Appendix B
Page 47
PARCEL #:
23-07-24-427-009
2025 CHARTER TOWNSHIP OF SHELBY
1
JULY BOARD OF REVIEW CORRECTIONS
of 1
DATE:
7/22/2025
SCHOOL DISTRICT: 50210 - Utica
NAME: Berisha] Investments LLC
ADDRESS: 5232 22 Mile
Shelby Township, MI 48317
PROPERTY ADDRESS:
15048 Commercial Drive
YEAR:
2025
CLASSIFICATION: 301 Industrial Real
ORIGINAL
REVISED
ASSESSED:
ASSESSED:
LAND
133,400
LAND
<
BLDG
1,206,100
BLDG
<
TOTAL
1,339,500
TOTAL
0<
CAPPED:
1,057,496
CAPPED:
TOTAL
TOTAL
TAXABLE:
1,057,496
TAXABLE:
TOTAL
TOTAL
PRE:
0%
PRE:
2025 CALC REVIEW:
[]
ADDITIONS
[NEW
[JLOSSES
[]
LOSS
[1 NONE
TTT
REASON FOR CHANGE
APPROVED
DENIED
ASSESSOR REC
BOR MEMBERS:
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CLERICAL ERROR
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MUTUAL MISTAKE OF
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EXEMPTION
POVERTY
RECAP
VETERANS
EXEMPTION
EXPLANATION Petitioner requesting a Qualified Agriculture Exemption
NO Ey) Devce
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